15IWMF TORCH Volume 18.1
Medical News Roundup, cont. on page 16
Medical News Roundup, cont. from page 14
therapy, and less on the need for anti-coagulation. They also
suggested that clinical trial validation using their model is
needed. Anyone wishing to obtain a copy of this article for his
or her physician may contact this column’s author via e-mail at
Retrospective Study Discusses Association of Kidney
Disease with WM – The incidence and prognostic impact of
nephropathy (kidney disease) related to WM has been largely
unknown. This retrospective study, published in the British
Journal of Hematology, assessed WM-related nephropathy
in a group of 1,391 WM patients seen at the Bing Center
at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, in whom 44 cases were
identified. The cumulative incidence was estimated as 5.1%
at 15 years. There was a wide variation in kidney pathology,
including amyloidosis, monoclonal IgM deposition
disease/cryoglobulinemia, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
infiltration, light chain deposition disease, and light-chain
cast nephropathy, among others. The median overall survival
in patients with confirmed WM-related nephropathy was 11.5
years, shorter than survival for those without nephropathy,
which was 16 years. Survival was better in patients with stable
or improved renal function after treatment. Based on these
findings, the report recommended that monitoring for kidney
complications should be considered in the surveillance of
WM patients.
Joint Study Looks at Secondary Malignancies in MGUS,
Multiple Myeloma, and WM – A joint study from the Bing
Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Mayo Clinic
in Rochester evaluated the risk of secondary malignancies
in patients with MGUS, multiple myeloma (MM), and WM.
In recent years, the survival of these patients has improved
due to improvements in anti-cancer and supportive therapy;
however, the risk of secondary malignancies has increased,
thought to be due to a combination of environmental and
disease-related factors, as well as treatment. This review,
published in Leukemia & Lymphoma, concluded that current
data support an increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome/
acute myeloid leukemia in patients with these conditions.
Although exposure to alkylating agents, nucleoside analogs,
immunomodulatory agents, and/or stem cell transplant might
increase the risk of secondary myeloid malignancies, there is
evidence that MGUS patients, who are typically not exposed
to these agents, also have an increased risk of these same
malignancies. The present data strongly suggest an inherent
increased propensity of developing myeloid malignancies,
which is present irrespective of therapy exposure. The risk of
other secondary hematologic malignancies or solid tumors is
less well established. In WM patients specifically, there seems
to be an increased risk for acute myeloid leukemia, diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. The
biology behind such relationships remains elusive.
Bing Center Closes Phase II Trial of Idelalisib for
WM – The Bing Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
reported its experience in Leukemia & Lymphoma on the
use of idelalisib in a Phase II trial of previously treated WM
patients. In preclinical studies, the MYD88 L265P mutation
also promoted activation of the PI3K pathway in WM cells,
and exposure to idelalisib, a PI3K inhibitor, induced robust
tumor cell killing. This clinical trial, activated in September
2015, had an original accrual goal of 30 patients; the actual
enrollment was 5 patients, who received idelalisib orally at
150 mg/twice daily. Four patients were evaluable for response
and exhibited stable disease on idelalisib; however, 4 of the
5 experienced Grade 3-4 (severe) increases in ALT, a liver
enzyme, indicating possible liver toxicity. In March 2016,
Gilead Sciences stopped 6 trials of idelalisib combination
therapies in patients with hematologic malignancies due to
an increased mortality rate associated with cytomegalovirus
reactivation and Pneumocystis pneumonia. Although these
infections were not seen in the Bing Center patients, its study
was also closed in March. The study authors concluded that
further development of idelalisib in WM would have to be
considered in the context of clinical trials in which different
dosage regimens could be evaluated in order to reduce the
possibility of liver toxicity.
ARGX-110 Development for WM Ended – Argenx
announced that it has ended its collaboration with the
Leukemia & Lymphoma Society to develop its lead oncology
drug ARGX-110 for the treatment of refractory WM. Under
their collaboration agreement signed in 2014, Argenx and
LLS had agreed to contribute a combined $4.5 million toward
a Phase II study of ARGX-110 in WM. ARGX-110 is a
monoclonal antibody that targets CD70. The company will
continue to develop the drug for T-cell leukemia and acute
myeloid leukemia.
Idera Suspends Trial of IMO-8400 for WM – In other
disappointing news, Idera Pharmaceuticals has decided to
suspend its Phase I/II trial of IMO-8400 for WM treatment.
The decision was made not for safety concerns but because
updated results suggested a limited clinical opportunity for
IMO-8400 as single agent therapy in WM. IMO-8400 is a
novel antagonist of the Toll-like receptors TLR7, 8, and 9.
Updated Clinical Trial Data Released for BGB-3111 in
WM – BeiGene, Ltd. presented updated clinical data from an
ongoing Phase I study of its oral BTK inhibitor BGB-3111
in WM patients at the 9th International Workshop on WM in
Amsterdam. The preliminary clinical data demonstrated that
BGB-3111 is well-tolerated and highly active in WM, with
an overall response rate of 92%, including a major response
rate of 83% and a very good partial response rate of 33%, at a
median follow-up time of 8 months. This dose escalation trial
was conducted in Australia, New Zealand, and the US, with
the ongoing study dosage established at 160 mg/twice daily.
Adverse effects were generally mild and self-limiting, with
the most frequent being upper respiratory infection, diarrhea,
petechiae/bruising, and nausea. One patient developed atrial
fibrillation. More serious adverse effects included two cases