© 2016 WebAIM
Introduction
The following best practices are provided to help you maximize the accessibility of your Word documents. On
this page you will find general principles for increasing accessibility in all versions of Word. When you are
ready to put these recommendations into practice, select your version of Word from the links in the digital
version on the last page of this document.
Headings
A uniform heading structure is often the most important accessibility consideration in Word documents. When
encountering a lengthy Word document, sighted users often scroll the page quickly and look for big, bold text
(headings) to get an idea of its structure and content. Screen reader and other assistive technology users also
have the ability to navigate Word documents by heading structure, assuming Word's Heading styles are used.
Structure through hierarchy
Pages should be structured in a hierarchical manner:
• A Title is the top most heading and there is only one.
• A Heading 1 is usually a page title or a main content heading.
• A Heading 2 is usually a major section heading.
• A Heading 3 is usually a sub-section of the Heading 2.
• A Heading 4 is usually a sub-section of the Heading 3, and so on, ending with Heading 6.
Technically, lower-degree headings should be contained within headings of the next highest degree. One should
not skip heading levels, such as using a Heading 4 directly below a Heading 2.
The following outline shows an example of hierarchy:
• Heading 1
o Heading 2
o Heading 2
▪ Heading 3
▪ Heading 3
Navigation through structure
Word documents with a proper heading structure provide screen reader and other assistive technology users
with the structure to navigate by:
• Viewing a list of all of the headings on the page.
• Choosing top-level headings (Heading 1), next-level headings (Heading 2), third-level headings (Heading
3), and so on.
• Reading or jumping by headings.
"Headings" created with font styles
Unfortunately, it is a common practice to create a "heading" by changing the text directly in a Word document.
A user will highlight the text and apply a different font type, a larger font size, bold formatting, etc. While these